Profile â„–13 BEHI-P013-JHJ

John H. Johnson

1918–2005

Publisher, Entrepreneur, Media Executive

ERA: Industrialization and the Great Migration (1920–1945)
PRIMARY INDUSTRIES: Publishing & Media
LIFE: January 19, 1918 · Arkansas City, Arkansas (institutional account) · August 8, 2005 (institutional account)
GEOGRAPHIC REACH: Chicago · United States · International

Receipts

TAKEAWAY: Johnson’s receipts document publishing operations and source provenance. Photograph rights, attribution, and independent accounting evidence for the reported contribution remain unresolved.

RECEIPTS & EVIDENCE

HOW TO READ THE EVIDENCE

Follow the claim to its source, then read the evidence status and limits. A source may support one narrow fact while leaving a larger conclusion unresolved.

Content condition describes whether the question can currently be answered. Evidence classification describes the support for a documented finding.

  • Documented: A finding is presented with its source, evidence classification and limits. Documented does not automatically mean Verified.
  • Not yet established: The answer remains unresolved. The entry identifies missing evidence and connects to Research Gaps.
  • Not applicable: The measure does not fit the person or enterprise being examined; an explanation must state why. Missing evidence alone never makes a question not applicable.

Shared section headings remain visible. Relevance that is uncertain is treated as Not yet established until resolved.

Evidence labels and source access
Verified
The specific fact or record described has been checked against the cited material. Read the limit: an inspected reproduction, index or catalog entry does not mean every underlying document or broader claim has been verified.
Attributed
The statement is credited to the named source. Independent confirmation or the underlying original may still be outstanding.
Disputed
Sources or interpretations conflict. Read the competing evidence and the unresolved question.
Estimated
The figure is an approximation or qualified valuation, not an exact measured total. Read its basis, date and uncertainty.
Institute Analysis
BEHI’s interpretation or calculation from identified evidence. It is separate from what the historical source directly states.

Source access: A link may lead to an original scan, a published transcription, a finding aid, or a repository page. Use the source ID, collection, box, folder and page locator where supplied. A catalog listing or repository confirmation is not inspection of the item itself.

Images and permissions: Historical support and reproduction permission are separate questions. Read each image credit and rights note; a source link does not itself grant permission to republish.

Open questions: See Research Gaps & Open Questions below for missing records and unresolved claims.

Receipts connect an assertion to the source actually examined and identify what that source cannot establish. The register preserves the previous research and records its corrections. Native linked receipts connect the Profile’s claims to the corresponding document records.

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Assertion

State the claim at the supported scale.

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Source

Identify document form, date and locator.

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Limit

Record what remains unresolved.

RECEIPTS at a Glance
â—Ź
Register:
31 source and research-target entries
â—Ź
Folder:
91 scan pages, with copies and overlaps
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Status:
Claim-by-claim evidence; research continues

DOCUMENTS

Johnson / NAACP–Negro Digest correspondence — 91-page packet

Publication hold — reviewed October 28, 2026. The September 22, 2026 Library of Congress delivery confirms provision of research scans. The NAACP Records finding aid identifies restrictions governing use, photoduplication or publication; packet-specific website and download clearance has not been established.

Release condition: Resolve applicable collection restrictions and rights for each correspondent’s material. Then publish a dated-exchange index with exact original PDF page references, keeping undated items and uncertain pairings separate.

Evidence limit: The received original page order must be preserved. Proposed chronological groupings must not invent dates, combine unrelated letters, count duplicate copies as separate payments, or treat an invoice as proof of payment. This publication hold does not change the claim-specific evidence classifications.

Preview: Withheld while the publication hold is unresolved; the description above identifies the supplied material.

Full file: Not publicly released. No download is offered while this hold remains.

Citation: Library of Congress, NAACP Records, Box II:A449, Negro Digest, folder 3; 91-page scan delivered September 22, 2026.

Evidence classification: Primary correspondence packet; individual dated exchanges require their own interpretation.

Rights note: Unresolved reproduction terms; release conditions above remain in force.

BEHI-P013-S32 — Negro Digest advertisement, January 20, 1946

Documents inspected: Chicago Daily Tribune January 20, 1946 complete newspaper-page PDF, a separately supplied ProQuest advertisement-extract PDF headed “Display Ad 78 -- No Title” (displaying the label “pg. S5”), plus a citation document and research correspondence supplied by independent researcher Hilary Mac-Austin on October 19, 2026. The advertisement displays a Negro Digest issue, the 25¢ single-issue price, an offer of five monthly issues for $1.00 (regular five-issue amount $1.25), and the subscription mailing address 5619 S. State St., Chicago 21, Illinois.

Citation reconciliation pending: Hilary’s email identifies Metropolitan Section, Part 3, page 4; her separate citation document lists “Display Ad 78 -- no Title,” Chicago Daily Tribune, January 20, 1946, p. 1 and identifies the complete newspaper-page image as page 101 of 170; the additional standalone ProQuest advertisement PDF labels the source “pg. S5.” All three references are preserved as transcribed, not reconciled or interpreted as equivalent. BEHI requested clarification from Hilary on October 19, 2026. The verified advertisement date and content are not in dispute; the precise printed section/page remains open.

Negative search: Hilary reports having examined the entire available January 20 edition without locating an Ebony ad. This is limited to that issue and the material searched; it is not proof that no such advertisement ever appeared.

Classification: VERIFIED — what is legible in the supplied newspaper advertisement; ATTRIBUTED — researcher’s complete-edition search and page/section description; RESEARCH IN PROGRESS — conflicting page metadata, publication rights, and any sales/circulation inferences. The supplied PDF states that further reproduction is prohibited without permission; the image is retained for BEHI internal research and is not published here.

New Yale archival source (October 2026): Richard Wright Papers, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, JWJ MSS 3, Series II, Box 100, Folder 1412, 58 pages (order TN 1261218). Inspected Johnson Publishing Company correspondence, 1944–1958. Pages 19–20 contain a company-signed 1949 proposed contributing-editor agreement: four articles annually, $500 each for the first two upon acceptance, other fees by agreement, stated November 1949–October 1950 term. Wright's signature is not visible; execution and payment remain unproven. Pages 2–4, 15–16 and 22 document further editorial solicitations and proposed payments/reprint terms. The digitization remains private; Yale's reproduction does not grant public publication permission. Classification: primary-source documents inspected; financial performance unverified.

Follow one claim through more than one document

June 16 · 1948

Review requested. The dated exchange helps distinguish a production stage from the final printed article.

June 18 · 1948

Galleys sent. The dated exchange helps distinguish a production stage from the final printed article.

June 21 · 1948

Reviewed proofs returned. The dated exchange helps distinguish a production stage from the final printed article.

BEHI-P013-S16: supplied NAACP folder, pp. 70–76. Three milestones in one author-review exchange; not three articles and not evidence of final fee settlement.

TransactionMatch the publisher’s statement with the recipient’s reply. The 1944 $10 exchange provides reciprocal evidence; bank clearing remains a separate question.DOCUMENTED
DistributionFollow quantities, acknowledgment, arrival, and handling separately. The 1944 mailing receipt supports fulfillment preparation, with final recipient delivery still open.DOCUMENTED
ScaleUse full title entries, reporting definitions, and original audit statements before charting circulation or advertising totals. The inspected Ayer excerpt supplies no verified series.OPEN
CustodyDistinguish an inspected scan from a finding aid and an acquisition target. The 91-page folder includes copies and overlaps; scan count is not a count of independent transactions.DOCUMENTED

Reader route: the 12 linked evidence Receipts below connect these questions to the source register. Corrected dates, identities, and subjects remain visible; unresolved totals are retained as research gaps rather than plotted as verified data.

Portrait status: Portrait display suspended October 28, 2026 pending reproduction-rights review. The Library of Congress reference copy bears the credit “© Jean Raeburn, N.Y.”; Kate Phillips identifies it as another print of the image reproduced on Wikipedia and dates the photograph to 1954 or earlier. Its November 16, 1960 reverse stamp is not an established exposure or first-publication date. Public-domain status and reproduction clearance have not been established; registration and renewal research remain unresolved. The earlier Commons-based no-notice assessment is superseded by this later evidence. The original uploaded file and research history are retained.

SOURCE REGISTER & EVIDENCE LIMITS

EVIDENCE & CONTEXT

SourceDescriptionDateEvidence ClassificationNotes
NAACP / Negro Digest correspondence — complete folder inventory
BEHI-P013-S01
Primary archival reproduction — 91 PDF pages1944–1949 correspondence; undated itemsVERIFIEDOriginal PDF preserved unchanged. All 91 scans received a visual inventory; working OCR was compared with the earlier workbook and consequential claims were checked at full resolution. Pages include overlapping sheets, copies, backs and enclosures, not 91 independent letters. This is not a complete diplomatic transcription. The file documents specific transactions and editorial work, not a complete company account.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF
Reprint permission and five complimentary copies
BEHI-P013-S02
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanJanuary 13–17, 1944VERIFIEDJohnson’s January 13 letter reports permission from the Journal of Negro Education and sends five complimentary copies of the issue with Walter White’s article. The January 17 reply acknowledges this correspondence. Verified is the documented exchange and reported clearance process; the separate publisher’s license instrument is not in hand.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 2–3
Reprint compensation — $10 check and acknowledgment
BEHI-P013-S03
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanJune 16–July 5, 1944VERIFIEDThe June 22 letter identifies the article as originally in The American Mercury, January 1929, and says a $10 check is enclosed. The July 5 reply thanks Johnson for the check and July issue copies. This supports a specific compensated reprint transaction; bank clearing and a complete writer-payment ledger were not inspected.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 4, 6–7, 9
763-copy complimentary distribution and fulfillment
BEHI-P013-S04
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanJuly–August 1944VERIFIEDThe August 3 letter specifies 763 wrapped complimentary copies, 763 two-cent stamps and four separate boxes. August 8 acknowledges the stamps; August 25 requests a handling-cost statement and promises a check; August 31 correspondence and an internal memorandum record arrival and planned handling/mailing. Receipt and fulfillment preparation are documented, not delivery to every recipient or paid circulation. Earlier workbook dates for pp. 12 and 15 are corrected to August 31.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 6–7, 9, 12–16
Election roundtable and NAACP nonpartisan boundary
BEHI-P013-S05
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanAugust 23–26, 1944VERIFIEDJohnson solicits a prediction for the Roosevelt-versus-Dewey roundtable. The reply declines because NAACP is nonpartisan. A solicitation is not an endorsement, paid contribution or proof that the organization adopted the magazine’s views.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 10–11
College essay competition — proposed awards
BEHI-P013-S06
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanDecember 1944VERIFIEDJohnson’s letter announces a contest with $200 in awards, split into two $100 prizes, and invites Wilkins’s participation. This is evidence of the proposal and promotional plan, not evidence that a contest was completed or prize money paid.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF p. 20
Contributor solicitation and Walter White manuscripts
BEHI-P013-S07
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanMarch 1944–August 1945VERIFIEDThe file contains requests, replies and manuscripts for war-hero and Jim Crow experience essays. The March letter on p. 8 is dated March 23, 1944, correcting the older March 27 extraction. Manuscript delivery is distinct from publication, fee settlement and the historical truth of every narrated episode.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 8, 17–19, 23–31
Compulsory military training — $25 commission offer
BEHI-P013-S08
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanJanuary–March 1946VERIFIEDThe January 2 letter and January 16 telegram offer $25 for at least 500 words on the negative side of compulsory military training. Wilkins’s January 17 reply asks for precise length and deadline; a March 20 reply acknowledges roundtable copies. The earlier workbook’s communism label is incorrect. An offer and acceptance are not proof of final payment.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 40–42, 48
Walter White’s praise and Selznick recommendation
BEHI-P013-S09
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanMarch 1946ATTRIBUTEDA March 6 letter praises Negro Digest and Ebony. The March 8 outgoing telegram to David O. Selznick calls Negro Digest “WHOLLY REPUTABLE” and says it carries no advertising. This is White’s contemporaneous assessment of Negro Digest, not an independent audit, an Ebony advertising statement or a perpetual company-wide rule.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 43–47
Race-relations book ballot and editorial follow-up
BEHI-P013-S10
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanJune–August 1946VERIFIEDBen Burns requests selections and comments for a greatest-books ballot; the file preserves a candidate-title list and follow-up communications. Editorial solicitation is documented. The list alone does not establish which selections were returned, final issue contents or sales generated.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 50–53
Complimentary promotion and subscription service
BEHI-P013-S11
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanOctober–November 1946VERIFIEDWhite suggests sending issues to Dr. and Mrs. Newfield in England; Johnson replies that copies of both magazines are being sent. A misdirected subscriber order is forwarded and Charles A. Beckett confirms entry and acknowledgment. The subscriber is Mrs. Frances C. Jones, not Jenny. These are specific service and promotional episodes, not verified foreign paid-circulation totals.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 55–58
Company name, address and executive roles
BEHI-P013-S12
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanNovember 1946–December 1947VERIFIEDLetterhead identifies Negro Digest Publishing Company as publisher of Negro Digest and Ebony at 5125 S. Calumet Avenue, Chicago 15. Beckett signs as general manager; Johnson signs as president on November 20, 1947. This corroborates operating identity and named roles, not an inspected incorporation charter, capital stock, shareholders or legal amendment.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 58, 64–65
Advance proofs and promotional issue distribution
BEHI-P013-S13
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanNovember–December 1947VERIFIEDJ. Unis Pressley sends advance proofs on November 6 and a December issue on November 10, followed by a February Ebony advance copy on December 31. Page 59 concerns “Brown Explorer,” not the Sterling Brown account recorded in the earlier workbook; page 63 is a distinct letter. These documents support coordinated prepublication promotion, not audited sales.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 59, 63, 65
Direct-mail subscription offer and promotional flyers
BEHI-P013-S14
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanUndated; received-stamp context in 1948VERIFIEDThe solicitation signed by J. Unis Pressley advertises annual subscription rates and an introductory offer. The flyers and order form establish promotional language and an offer, not conversions, collected revenue or market size. Dating from a receipt stamp is different from a printed issue or dispatch date.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 66–68
Unreceived contributor fee — follow-up request
BEHI-P013-S15
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanFebruary 17, 1948VERIFIEDThe secretary to Walter White says the check for “Why I Remain a Negro” has not been received and asks when to expect it. No amount or later settlement is established here. The original date is February 17, not February 27. This qualifies any blanket assertion that all contributor payments were prompt.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF p. 69
Author review, revisions and galley workflow
BEHI-P013-S16
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanMay–June 1948VERIFIEDBen Burns’s May 11 letter requests a Middlebury speech. White supplies a New London Junior College address on June 10, requests review of revisions on June 16, and the publisher sends galleys on June 18; the secretary returns reviewed proofs on June 21. June 14 correspondence separately pursues a Myrdal speech. Corrected dates replace the earlier May 13, June 12, June 21 and July readings. These are production steps, not full publication or fee records.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 70–76
Polling critique and replies from Roper and Gallup
BEHI-P013-S17
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanAugust–September 1948DISPUTEDWhite queries the magazine’s characterization of Black participation in opinion polls, obtains replies from Roper and Gallup and shares them with Johnson. The exchange establishes a challenge and responses, not BEHI’s endorsement of either sampling method or certification of the magazine’s broad claim. Copies overlap.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 77–87
Crystal Ball complaint and correction commitment
BEHI-P013-S18
Primary archival correspondence — supplied scanJanuary 11–19, 1949VERIFIEDWhite disputes the magazine’s prediction about NAACP leadership. Johnson’s January 19 reply apologizes, directs more careful fact checking and says the magazine plans to print White’s letter. The promise is documented; publication of that letter has not been checked in a later issue.
NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 88–91
N. W. Ayer 1946 — supplied directory excerpt
BEHI-P013-S19
Historical directory — six scanned spreads1946VERIFIEDAll six supplied spreads were inventoried. Printed pp. 1206–1207 list Black publications; the Chicago Negro Digest entry refers to the catalog rather than giving a numerical circulation total on this spread. Most supplied pages are statistical context. The complete title entry, catalog and circulation legend are still needed. Neither an Ebony circulation total nor an audited sales series is established by this excerpt.
Ayers_1946.pdf; six PDF pages; printed pp. 1206–1207
Earlier NAACP folder extraction workbook
BEHI-P013-S20
Research working document — three worksheetsEarlier research; reconciled October 3, 2026INSTITUTE ANALYSISThe Page-by-Page, High-Value Evidence and Evidence Map sheets were recovered and read. They are an index, not a substitute for the archival scans. Date, identity, subject and payment-versus-offer errors have been corrected in this audit; prior A/A+ grades are not automatically BEHI Verified classifications.
John_H_Johnson_NAACP_Negro_Digest_Folder_Evidence_Extraction(1).xlsx
USPTO — institutional account of Johnson’s life and publishing
BEHI-P013-S21
Modern institutional synthesisInspected October 3, 2026ATTRIBUTEDThe account places Johnson’s birth in Arkansas City on January 19, 1918, his move to Chicago in 1933, and the launches of Negro Digest in 1942, Ebony in 1945 and Jet in 1951. It reports the furniture-backed $500 and prepaid-subscription launch story, and the 1996 Presidential Medal of Freedom. Those financing details remain attributed until original loan, mailing and deposit records are inspected. Death: August 8, 2005.
Journeys of Innovation: The small dreams of a business giant
Chicago Public Library — Era Bell Thompson / company holdings
BEHI-P013-S22
Institutional finding aid — described holdingsCompany material principally mid–late twentieth centuryVERIFIEDFinding aid inspected; underlying folders not inspected. It describes publishing-company records, marketing material, tour guides and employee documents. Useful targets include Box 68 Folders 13–14 (company notes/history), 24 (Ebony Africa advertising rates, 1963), 27 (pension, 1967) and 28 (telephone directory, 1972). Verified applies to the holding description only, not unexamined financial or employment terms.
Era Bell Thompson Papers; Johnson Publishing Company records; Box 68
Getty / Smithsonian — archive preservation and custody
BEHI-P013-S23
Primary institutional transfer announcementJuly 28, 2022VERIFIEDThe institutional announcement documents transfer of the Ebony and Jet photographic archive to Getty and the Smithsonian. Its described scale and processing commitment concern archive preservation, not paid magazine circulation, Johnson’s personal net worth or the company’s historical profit. The record reflects posthumous custody and does not make Johnson responsible for later corporate decisions.
Official joint transfer announcement, July 28, 2022
Illinois incorporation and name-change chain
BEHI-P013-S24
Primary corporate acquisition target1942 formation / reported 1949 amendmentATTRIBUTEDEarlier research identified Negro Digest Publishing Company charter and subsequent Johnson Publishing name-change questions. Original charter, amendments, share register and annual filings were not recovered. Letterhead is corroborating operating evidence, not the missing legal instrument. A reported unsuccessful repository search is not evidence that no charter exists.
Illinois Secretary of State; historical charter and amendments pending
ABC / historical magazine circulation series
BEHI-P013-S25
Dataset and original audit acquisition target1947–1953 research rangeATTRIBUTEDEarlier research points to the Brooks–Hefner circulation project and ABC material. The dataset and original ABC statements were not recovered for reinspection. Separate paid from complimentary copies, issue averages from half-year totals, and geographical reports from publisher claims. Earlier 309,715 and 324,930 figures remain unreconciled and are not presented as verified circulation.
Historical magazine circulation research; original audit statements pending
Advertising revenue and advertiser-contract trail
BEHI-P013-S26
Historical trade-press / contract acquisition target1946–1951 research leadsATTRIBUTEDPrior notes identify Advertising Age, February 28, 1949, p. 20; Printer’s Ink, September 9, 1949, pp. 38–40; and Smithsonian Pepsi-Cola material, AC0111 Box 3. Original pages, invoices, insertion orders and contracts were not recovered. Reported revenue and page counts are not audited profit, personal wealth, guaranteed Johnson references or proof of the first national advertisement.
Trade press and AC0111 Box 3 acquisition chain
Du Bois / Ebony — cataloged editorial solicitation
BEHI-P013-S27
Institutional aggregation of an archival catalog recordFebruary 17, 1948VERIFIEDCatalog description identifies an Ebony telegram requesting Harvard Black-student story leads from W. E. B. Du Bois. Verified applies to the cataloged request, not an inspected full original. Separate September 1948 Grayson campaign correspondence remains a research target. Solicitation or feedback is not a Du Bois commercial endorsement.
UMass Du Bois Papers; earlier locator mums312-b118-i202
Postal permit and wartime paper-allocation questions
BEHI-P013-S28
Primary regulatory acquisition target1943–1945 research leadsATTRIBUTEDPrior notes identify a January 1943 second-class mailing-permit lead and a wartime paper-allocation dispute. Original permit, Post Office correspondence, WPB order and company compliance documents were not recovered. The 1944 two-cent stamps do not independently prove postal permit approval or allocation terms.
RG 28; War Production Board / Order L-244 leads pending
Hoyt Fuller / later Negro Digest–Black World record
BEHI-P013-S29
Primary archival acquisition target1961–1976 research rangeATTRIBUTEDEarlier research identifies AUC Hoyt Fuller Papers, including Box 22 Folders 10 and 23 and account/compensation leads in Boxes 15, 19 and 21. Underlying letters were not recovered. Later revival, title change and closure require issue-level dates and the correspondence; the initial run must not be treated as the entire publication history.
Hoyt Fuller Papers; previously identified folders, originals pending
Company property and headquarters ownership
BEHI-P013-S30
Deed / purchase / financing acquisition target1940s and later headquartersATTRIBUTEDLetterheads document office addresses, not fee-simple title or purchase price. Earlier 5619 S. State and 1820 S. Michigan purchase claims require deeds and financing records. Keep 1820 S. Michigan separate from the later 820 S. Michigan headquarters and distinguish company ownership from personal property.
Recorded deeds, parcel identifiers and acquisition financing pending
Historical portrait — Johnson in 1954
BEHI-P013-S31
Historical press photograph / published provenanceCataloged 1954ATTRIBUTEDPortrait display suspended October 28, 2026 pending reproduction-rights review. The Library of Congress reference copy bears the credit “© Jean Raeburn, N.Y.”; Kate Phillips identifies it as another print of the image reproduced on Wikipedia and dates the photograph to 1954 or earlier. Its November 16, 1960 reverse stamp is not an established exposure or first-publication date. Public-domain status and reproduction clearance have not been established; registration and renewal research remain unresolved. The earlier Commons-based no-notice assessment is superseded by this later evidence. The original uploaded file and research history are retained.
640 Ă— 720 historical photograph; Commons file record
EVIDENCE CLASSIFICATIONS:VERIFIEDATTRIBUTEDDISPUTEDINSTITUTE ANALYSIS

THE RECORD & ITS LIMITS

1
Inspected evidence

The archival folder was visually inventoried and its substantive claims reconciled with full-resolution scans. OCR remains a working aid; faint handwriting and obscured text are not certified transcriptions.

2
Corrections retained

The register corrects dates, the military-training subject, the subscriber’s name and the 1947 promotional letters. It also corrects offers and promises previously overstated as payments or completed actions.

3
Uninspected targets

A finding aid establishes a described holding. Earlier notes establish a lead. Neither substitutes for the charter, audit statement, ledger, issue or deed that would resolve the underlying claim.

BEHI RESEARCH STANDARD

READING THE EVIDENCE

INSTITUTE ANALYSIS

A receipt is useful when a reader can trace the assertion and see the boundary of the evidence. New documents should revise particular claims and dates, with a visible update record.

RESEARCH GAPS & OPEN QUESTIONS

ECONOMIC INDICATORS — MISSING EVIDENCE

Revenue and operating profit

Content condition: Not yet established. Johnson publishing businesses
Reporting period not established

Evidence needed / present limit: Requires title-specific sales, advertising, expense and accounting records.

  • 2019 federal bankruptcy records and legal-entity continuity: Acquire court-source copies of Case 19-10236 Docket 1, the corporate ownership statement, all original and amended asset/liability schedules and statement of financial affairs, and trustee administration reports. Establish how the 2019 LLC relates to the original 1942 corporation; avoid attributing later financial figures to the founding entity.
  • 1947 circulation source: A secondary historical study reports an Audit Bureau of Circulations Ebony figure of 309,715 for 1947. The underlying original audit, its period and definition (average paid vs. other categories) must be acquired before treating this as a verified primary-source figure.
  • Corporate continuity: Original 1942 charter, amendments, reported name change, share register and filings.
  • Launch financing: Loan/collateral instrument, subscription mailing, responses, deposits and first-issue production accounts.
  • Circulation and advertising: Full 1946/1947 directory entries and legends, ABC statements by period, advertising invoices/contracts and original trade-press pages.
  • Accounts and employment: Contributor-payment ledger, settlement of the 1948 fee request, mailing reimbursements, payroll and benefit records.
  • Issue-level verification: Original first issues; commissioned articles; published 1949 response; revival, title-change and closure dates.
  • Property and later correspondence: Deeds/financing, Du Bois–Grayson original exchanges and Hoyt Fuller folders.
  • Portrait provenance: Original newspaper/press-photo antecedents and photographer identification beyond the Commons record.

Have documents that can help resolve these questions? Contact jeanee@thebehi.org with the document’s repository, date, citation and provenance.

RESEARCH UPDATES & RECONCILIATION

Johnson–Kennedy photograph: Smithsonian copy located — October 27, 2026

Evidence status: The original Smithsonian print has not been inspected. Payment of the reported $5,000 contribution, the photographer, and reproduction terms remain unresolved.

Read full note: Smithsonian photograph follow-up — October 27, 2026

Repository correspondence: Library of Congress reference librarian Kate Phillips confirmed that Cooper & Golin distributed the photograph to the newspaper. LOC has no additional information identifying its photographer. Distribution by a publicity agency does not establish authorship or copyright ownership.

Second archival copy: The Smithsonian catalog identifies John H. Johnson presenting The Kennedy Years and the Negro to Robert Kennedy in June 1964. Its description reports a $5,000 contribution from the book's proceeds to the John F. Kennedy Memorial Library.

Citation: Smithsonian Institution Archives, Accession 90-105, Science Service Records, Image No. SIA2008-4452. View Smithsonian catalog record.

Evidence limits: Smithsonian catalog details were reviewed in a supplied screenshot; the original Smithsonian print, reverse, and associated file have not yet been inspected by BEHI. The catalog and LOC publicity caption describe the contribution; neither independently verifies payment through a check, ledger, or recipient acknowledgment. The exact event day, photographer, and applicable reproduction terms remain unresolved. No new image-use clearance is recorded.

Follow-up status: BEHI sent the Smithsonian an inquiry for front/reverse scans, caption or release, credit and rights information, supporting contribution records, and a high-resolution reproduction estimate. BEHI also replied to LOC; Kate's review of an unprocessed NAACP folder remains pending. No paid reproduction order is recorded.

Library of Congress photographic provenance — October 26, 2026

Evidence status: Reference scans establish collection evidence, not permission to reproduce. Public-domain status and reproduction clearance have not been established.

Read full note: LOC photographic provenance — October 26, 2026

Source: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, New York World-Telegram & the Sun Collection, John H. Johnson folder; four-page reference PDF NYWTS_John_Johnson.pdf supplied by reference librarian Kate Phillips. Pages 1–2 reproduce a Johnson–Robert Kennedy photograph and its reverse; pages 3–4 reproduce a seated Johnson portrait and its reverse. Item-level call numbers and preferred citations have been requested.

Portrait attribution: The portrait print visibly bears “© Jean Raeburn, N.Y.” and newspaper crop marks. Phillips identifies it as a copy of the photograph appearing on Wikipedia, but not the same physical print, and dates the photograph to 1954 or earlier. The reverse bears a November 16, 1960 stamp; this is not established as the exposure or first-publication date.

Rights status: Phillips reports that the photograph carried a copyright notice and that she has not located a copyright record; renewal research remains unresolved. BEHI has not established public-domain status or cleared reproduction. Rights and photographer information for the separate Johnson–Kennedy photograph have also been requested. Reference scans establish collection evidence, not permission to reproduce.

Photographs and book-sale contribution — October 26, 2026

Evidence status: Photographer attribution, image-use clearance, and independent accounting evidence for the reported contribution remain outstanding.

Read full note: Photograph and contribution research — October 26, 2026
  • Jean Raeburn portrait: Establish first-publication details and investigate copyright registration and renewal before assigning a public-domain or cleared-use status.
  • Johnson–Kennedy photograph: LOC confirmed Cooper & Golin as distributor and referred BEHI to Smithsonian image SIA2008-4452. Smithsonian inquiry sent for photographer attribution, original caption/reverse, reproduction terms, and supporting records. LOC's separate review of an unprocessed NAACP folder remains pending; photographer and image-use clearance are unresolved.
  • Reported $5,000 contribution: Seek recipient acknowledgment or accounting evidence to corroborate the publicity caption’s statement that advance book-sale proceeds funded a company contribution to the John F. Kennedy Memorial Library.
  • NAACP photograph lead: Kate Phillips has requested an unprocessed NAACP file for onsite review and will report what it contains. File contents are not yet verified; await her findings before duplicating the request.
  • Johnson Publishing Company Archive: Phillips reports that access is closed during processing. Getty’s resource guide confirms cataloging and digitization for eventual public access. Specific relevant records and their availability remain unverified. Getty archive resource guide.
32
Historical Records
12
Audited Claims
12
Evidence Paths
BEHI
Research Integrity Standard
Verified

Johnson — Reprint permission exchange

Audited Historical Assertion

Johnson’s January 1944 correspondence reports permission and sends five complimentary copies.

BEHI Academic Analysis & Research Clarification

The separate license instrument is not recovered; this verifies the documented correspondence and clearance process.

Supporting Archival Receipts & Primary Sources

Johnson — Reprint permission and five complimentary copies BEHI-P013-S02
January 13–17, 1944
Reprint permission and five complimentary copies — NAACP Records, General Office File, Box IIA449, Negro Digest, folder 3; supplied 91-page PDF; PDF pp. 2–3
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